HESI RN 311 Pharmacology | Nurselytic

Questions 41

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HESI RN 311 Pharmacology Questions

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Question 1 of 5

A client is receiving miotics for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma. The nurse determines that a priority nursing problem is the risk for injury. This nursing problem is based on which etiology?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Miotics (e.g., pilocarpine) cause pupil constriction, reducing night vision (
A), increasing injury risk in low-light conditions. Photophobia (
B), tearing (
C), and color perception (
D) are less directly linked to injury.

Question 2 of 5

Ferrous sulfate elixir is prescribed for a client with iron deficiency anemia. Which instruction should the nurse provide this client about taking the liquid medication?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Using a straw (
A) minimizes tooth staining from ferrous sulfate elixir. Swallowing undiluted (
B) causes GI irritation; dilution with water/juice is preferred. Antacids (
C) reduce iron absorption by neutralizing stomach acid. Milk (
D) contains calcium, inhibiting absorption. Taking with vitamin C enhances absorption.

Question 3 of 5

A client with chronic asthma receives a prescription for montelukast, a leukotriene modifier. Which statement by the client indicates to the nurse that medication teaching was effective?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Montelukast is a maintenance drug taken daily, typically in the evening (
C), to prevent asthma symptoms by reducing airway inflammation. It is not for acute attacks (A,
D). It does not replace inhalers (
B), which remain critical for asthma control.

Question 4 of 5

A client with a history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin receives a prescription for cephalexin 500 mg PO twice daily. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Contacting the provider (
A) is priority due to a 1-4% cross-reactivity risk between penicillin and cephalexin (a cephalosporin) in penicillin-allergic patients, especially with anaphylaxis history. Antihistamines (
B) cannot prevent anaphylaxis. Administering without consultation (
C) risks severe reaction. Monitoring (
D) is secondary to preventing exposure.

Question 5 of 5

A young adult female client who is planning to become pregnant asks the nurse if she can continue taking isotretinoin for cystic acne. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide this client?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Isotretinoin is highly teratogenic, risking severe birth defects. Discontinuing 1 month before conception (
D) ensures clearance. Breastfeeding (
A), vitamin A (
B), and liver tests (
C) are secondary concerns.

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