HESI RN
Hesi RN Medical Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and needs to begin dialysis. Which condition entered on the client's medical record should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for peritoneal dialysis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Crohn's with colectomy contraindicates peritoneal dialysis due to altered abdominal anatomy, increasing infection risk.
Question 2 of 5
A client with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse observes the client is weak, pale, and febrile. After reviewing the client's most recent laboratory data which reveals a platelet count of 25,000/mm3 (25 x 109/L), which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring for occult blood is critical with severe thrombocytopenia to detect internal bleeding early, preventing life-threatening complications.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse assesses a client with petechiae and ecchymosis scattered across the arms and legs. Which laboratory result should the nurse review?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Platelet count is directly related to petechiae and ecchymosis, indicating potential thrombocytopenia causing bleeding tendencies.
Question 4 of 5
A client presents to the emergency department reporting chest pain that is radiating to the left arm, shortness of breath, and diaphoresis. Which medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed by the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Morphine relieves pain, reduces anxiety, and provides vasodilation in myocardial infarction, improving cardiac workload.
Extract:
History and Physical
A 59-year-old male client presents to the clinic reporting pain in the right great toe. The client says that the pain feels like it is another attack of gout, which he has had on 2 other occasions in the last 4 months. The client tells the nurses that the pain started about 9 days ago in the evening and that it got very painful and swollen shortly thereafter. In the past, the gout attacks have resolved without treatment after about 5 days, but the client reports that his condition has not improved and that he is unable to walk or work without excruciating pain in the great toe joint. The client has type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, hypertension, obesity, and sleep apnea. Currently, the client takes daily metformin, daily aspirin, daily enalapril, and ibuprofen as needed for pain. The client reports that he has never smoked or used tobacco products. He does not use recreational drugs. Typically, he drinks 2 to 3 dark beers nightly.
The healthcare provider is considering medications to treat the client's gout.
Question 5 of 5
A 59-year-old male client presents to the clinic reporting pain in the right great toe. For each medication used to treat gout, choose the most likely therapeutic outcome and the teaching associated with the medication.
| Colchicine: Reduces inflammation. |
| Prednisone: Reduces inflammation. |
| Naproxen: Reduces pain and inflammation. |
| Allopurinol: Lowers uric acid levels. |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Colchicine and prednisone reduce inflammation, naproxen alleviates pain and inflammation, and allopurinol prevents uric acid buildup, addressing both acute and chronic gout management.