HESI RN
HESI RN Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 9-year-old boy is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Which stage of Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is the nurse addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At 9 years, the child is in the industry stage, focusing on competence in self-care skills like insulin injections. Other stages apply to different ages.
Question 2 of 5
An infant who is developmentally delayed has a ventricular peritoneal (VP) shunt for hydrocephalus. The nurse makes a postoperative home visit to assess the child's progress. During the visit, the mother tells the nurse, 'When the shunt is removed, the pressure in my baby's head will be gone.' Which response should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The shunt is typically a permanent device that may need replacement as the child grows to manage fluid drainage. Other responses are incorrect or misleading about shunt management.
Question 3 of 5
A male adolescent arrives at the clinic and reports intense pain in the testicular area that occurred during football practice at high school. The nurse observes the scrotum and identifies significant erythema and swelling. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sudden testicular pain and swelling suggest testicular torsion, a medical emergency requiring immediate provider notification for evaluation and possible surgery.
Question 4 of 5
A 9-month-old with Tay-Sachs disease is admitted due to seizures. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exaggerated startle reaction is specific to Tay-Sachs and may trigger seizures, making it critical to assess. Other findings are less urgent.
Question 5 of 5
For each client activity, click to indicate whether the activity shows positive or negative health promotion postamputation due to extensive peripheral vascular disease.
| Options | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Inquires about blood pressure. (Positive) | ||
| Asks questions about self-care. (Positive) | ||
| Executes pull-ups on a trapeze bar. (Positive) | ||
| Turns side to side. (Positive) | ||
| Requests nurse to perform wound care. (Negative) | ||
| Avoids looking at residual limb. (Negative) |
Correct Answer: Positive: A,B,C,D; Negative: E,F
Rationale: Positive activities (inquiring about blood pressure, self-care questions, physical exercises, mobility) promote recovery and adaptation. Negative activities (relying on nurse for wound care, avoiding residual limb) hinder independence and psychological adjustment.