ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 45 Questions
Question 1 of 5
When caring for an older adult who repeatedly states their food does not taste as good as it used to, a nurse explains that which factors can contribute to loss of taste as patients age? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: As the patient ages, gustatory senses, along with sense of smell, some medications, and smoking can blunt the taste (gustatory sense). Presbycusis refers to the reduced ability to hear, and presbyopia refers to the inability of the lens to accommodate to near (or far) objects.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is in the late stages of AIDS, which has affected their brain function and memory. The patient reports loneliness because his friends "are afraid to visit." Based on this data, what nursing intervention would best help meet the patient's need for sensory stimulation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This patient is receiving decreased environmental stimuli (e.g., from lack of visitors) and may experience problems with reception because of brain involvement. Arranging for a volunteer to sit with the patient provides social interaction, addressing the loneliness and sensory deprivation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with a severe hearing deficit who reads lips and uses sign language. Which nursing intervention would best prevent sensory alterations for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing opportunities for the patient to socialize builds on their strength of being able to lip-read and helps prevent sensory deprivation from hearing loss.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse observes that a patient with a history of cataracts is sitting closer to the television than usual. When assessing the patient, which additional findings will the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cataracts, clouding of the crystalline lens, cause altered sensory reception by interfering with the patient's ability to receive visual stimuli. The other options are not characteristic of cataracts.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following parameters must be in place to ensure a successful resolution of the reason for the Pirolla's initial visit? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The goal of the interventions is to improve Mr. Pirolla's ability to socialize despite sensory impairments. Using adaptive devices (
A), improved communication without yelling (
B), enjoying family visits (
D), and contentment with their adjusted social life (E) indicate successful management of sensory deficits. Regaining 20/20 vision (
C) is unrealistic for age-related sensory loss, and resuming a fully active social life (F) may not be feasible given his limitations.