ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 30 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is planning to administer an antibiotic to a patient with a kidney infection who is 10 weeks' pregnant. The drug reference states that the medication is teratogenic. Which action will the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Medications that are identified as teratogenic have the potential to cause developmental defects in the embryo or fetus and are contraindicated. The nurse must hold the medication and notify the health care provider of the pregnant person's pregnancy status. The patient is not the best person to determine the impact of this medication on the fetus; the medication is a teratogen, even with dose reduction.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is administering medications to an older adult with dysphagia. After crushing the pills, which action is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults may have difficulty swallowing medications and may find it easier to take their medications when crushed or given in liquid form. Combine the crushed medication with a small amount of soft food, such as applesauce or pudding; 120 mL or a bowl of pudding is a large amount; should the patient not finish all the food, an accurate assessment of medication taken cannot be assessed. Only medications designated as chewable can be used in this way.
Question 3 of 5
Captopril 12.5 mg PO is prescribed. Captopril is available as 25-mg tablets. How many tablets would the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the number of tablets: 12.5 mg prescribed / 25 mg per tablet = 0.5 tablets.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse notices that an older adult patient is malnourished, and blood tests reveal reduced plasma protein levels. For which of these pharmacodynamic effects will the nurse observe?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lowered protein levels in the body means less drug bound to plasma proteins, which leads to a higher concentration of free (unbound) drug in the body. This higher drug concentration increases the risk for adverse effects.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse caring for a group of patients uses measures to reduce discomfort for the patients during injections. Which technique is recommended?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should use the Z-track technique for intramuscular injections to prevent medication from leaking into the needle track, minimizing discomfort. The nurse should select a needle of the smallest gauge that is appropriate for the site and solution to be injected, and select the correct needle length for the type of injection and patient size. The nurse should inject the medication into relaxed muscles since more pressure (causing discomfort) will be required to injected into contracted muscles. The nurse should apply gentle pressure after injection, unless this technique is contraindicated.