ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 39 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult who reports persistent constipation and has a number of laxative prescriptions on the MAR. Which medication would the nurse avoid for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Saline osmotic laxatives (
A) can cause fluid/electrolyte imbalances in older adults, especially with kidney or cardiac issues, and should be avoided. Bulk-forming (B,
C) and stool softeners (
D) are safer options.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing a hospitalized patient for a colonoscopy. Which nursing action is the recommended preparation for this test?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low-fiber diet several days before a colonoscopy (
A) reduces residue in the colon. PEG is used, but bisacodyl (
B) isn't standard for all preps. Conscious sedation, not general anesthesia (
C), is typical, and barium (
D) is for other GI tests.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a long-term care facility is assessing a group of patients. In which patients would the nurse anticipate increased risk for developing diarrhea? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,E,F
Rationale: Diarrhea is a side effect of metformin (
B), amoxicillin clavulanate (E), and magnesium-containing antacids (F). Opioids (
A), diuretics (
C), and dehydration (
D) are more likely to cause constipation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is administering a large-volume cleansing enema to a patient prior to surgery. When the enema solution is introduced, the patient reports severe cramping. What nursing intervention would the nurse perform next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe cramping during an enema suggests the solution is too cold or the flow rate is too fast. Lowering the container and checking temperature and flow rate (
C) addresses this. Elevating the bed (
A) or changing position (
B) doesn't resolve cramping, and removing the tube (
D) is premature.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse asks a patient for a stool sample to perform the guaiac test. How does the nurse best explain the purpose of this test?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The guaiac test (
C) detects occult blood in stool, screening for GI bleeding or cancer. It doesn't replace colonoscopy (
A), detect organisms (
B), or assess antibodies (
D).