ATI LPN
Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing Care: Concepts, Connections & Skills
Chapter 38 : Intravenous Therapy Questions
Question 1 of 5
Because of the fluid shifts in the previous question, prolonged infusion of this type solution when it is not needed can result in which of the following?
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Excess hypotonic fluid can cause cerebral swelling, increased intracranial pressure, and edema due to fluid overload in cells and interstitial spaces.
Question 2 of 5
Which solution is best when an individual needs only simple water replacement because of lack of fluid intake or loss of body water without loss of electrolytes, known as hypertonic dehydration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotonic solutions provide water to rehydrate cells without adding excess electrolytes, suitable for hypertonic dehydration.
Question 3 of 5
Which type IV solution will cause cellular dehydration if infused unnecessarily?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypertonic solutions draw water out of cells due to high osmolarity, causing cellular dehydration if not needed.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following IV catheters with plastic cannulas are the smallest in diameter?
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Smaller gauge numbers indicate larger diameters; $29 \mathrm{~g}$ is the smallest diameter.
Question 5 of 5
You are about to attempt to initiate an IV on a 97-year-old female with tiny, fragile veins. Which of the following access devices would most likely be your best choice?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A $25 \mathrm{~g}$ winged butterfly with cannula is small and suitable for fragile veins, providing stability and reducing trauma.