ATI LPN
Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing Care: Concepts, Connections & Skills
Chapter 28 : Respiratory Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. Your patient has recently woken from a nap. She thinks it is morning, although it is 3 o'clock in the afternoon. She also thinks you are her daughter-in-law. When you take her vital signs, her pulse is 56 and irregular, her respiratory rate is 28, and she is having difficulty taking a deep breath. Her earlier vital signs were T 99.2, P 66, R 18, and BP 134/76. What concerns do you have about this patient?
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Difficulty breathing and increased respiratory rate suggest a possible pulmonary embolus, which obstructs lung blood flow. Hypoxia is likely due to altered vital signs (increased respiratory rate, irregular pulse) and confusion. CVA or heart attack are less likely without specific neurological or chest pain symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. Your patient has been diagnosed with Pseudomonas pneumonia and has thick secretions in his lungs. You are most concerned about
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Pseudomonas pneumonia can spread systemically (sepsis), is transmissible in healthcare settings, and thick secretions impair gas exchange, leading to hypoxia. The Heimlich maneuver is irrelevant for pneumonia secretions.
Question 3 of 5
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. You are caring for a patient who is severely anemic and has atelectasis of the left lung. These conditions can easily lead to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Severe anemia reduces oxygen-carrying capacity, and atelectasis (lung collapse) impairs gas exchange, both leading to hypoxia (low tissue oxygen) and hypoxemia (low blood oxygen). Other options are less directly related.
Question 4 of 5
Fill in the blanks with the correct numbers. Number in order the structures that air passes through as it enters the respiratory system: Trachea, Bronchioles, Nostrils, Right or left bronchus, Pharynx, Alveoli.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Air enters through the nostrils, passes through the pharynx, then the trachea, followed by the right or left bronchus, bronchioles, and finally reaches the alveoli for gas exchange.
Question 5 of 5
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. Which description is most accurate regarding the mechanics of breathing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Breathing is primarily involuntary, driven by the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
Choice C is incorrect because diaphragm contraction moves it downward, causing inspiration, not expiration.
Choice D is incorrect as oxygen moves by diffusion, not osmosis.