ATI LPN
Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing Care: Concepts, Connections & Skills
Chapter 19 : Pain Management, Rest, and Restorative Sleep Questions
Question 1 of 5
Your 98-year-old patient has severe diabetes and, as a result of complications, had his left leg amputated above the knee several months ago. He is confused and combative. When he reports to you that his left foot hurts, you know that this is known as
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phantom limb pain is the sensation of pain in a limb that has been amputated, as experienced by the patient in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statements is(are) thought to accurately describe the gate control theory?
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The gate control theory posits that pain transmission is modulated by a 'gate' in the spinal cord. Stimulation of smaller nerve fibers (e.g., by injury) opens the gate, allowing pain signals to pass (
C). Sensory stimuli like massage close the gate, blocking pain (A is correct, but B is incorrect as broad nerve fiber stimulation closes, not opens, the gate). The thalamus is not directly involved in gate control (D is incorrect).
Question 3 of 5
An individual's thoughts and emotions are also believed to affect the opening and closing of the gate by stimulating production of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Endorphins, produced in response to positive thoughts and emotions, can close the pain gate, reducing pain perception, per the gate control theory.
Question 4 of 5
Your patient seems to be having a lot more postoperative pain today than he did yesterday, whichsurprises you because he has been progressing so well since his surgery 4 days ago. As you are critically thinking about factors that can increase pain, you identify data that could explain why he is having an increase in pain today. Which of the following pieces of data might provide you with this understanding?
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Lack of sleep (
B) can lower pain tolerance, increasing perceived pain. Emotional distress, such as missing a loved one (
D), can also heighten pain perception. A supportive visit (
A) and cultural beliefs (
C) are less likely to directly cause an increase in pain.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following are types of nociceptive pain?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Nociceptive pain arises from tissue damage and includes cutaneous pain (
A), soft tissue pain (
B), deep somatic pain (
C), and deep visceral pain (
D).