ATI LPN
Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing Care: Concepts, Connections & Skills
Chapter 18 : Applying Heat and Cold Therapies Questions
Question 1 of 5
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. The physiological effects of local heat application include the
Correct Answer: A,C,E,F
Rationale: Local heat application causes vasodilation, leading to dilation of veins (
A) and increased blood flow, which delivers more oxygen (E) and nutrients (F) to the area. It also relaxes muscle spasms (
C). Constriction of veins (
B) and decreased blood flow (
D) are incorrect as they oppose the effects of heat.
Question 2 of 5
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. Which of the following physiological changes make the elderly more susceptible to burns from heat applications?
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Elderly individuals have thinner skin (
A), reduced tactile sensation (
C), and potential cognitive changes (
D) that impair their ability to detect excessive heat, increasing burn risk. More porous bones (
B) are unrelated to burn susceptibility.
Question 3 of 5
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. Patient teaching regarding home use of heating pads should include which of the following?
Correct Answer: B,E,F
Rationale: Heating pads should be used for 20-30 minutes (
B) to avoid burns, never lain on (E) to prevent prolonged heat exposure, and skin should be checked frequently (F). High temperatures (
A) increase burn risk, petroleum jelly (
C) can trap heat, and heat on swelling areas (
D) can worsen edema.
Question 4 of 5
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. When using a tepid bath for fever reduction, the longest a child should be left in the tepid water is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A tepid bath for fever reduction in children should not exceed 15 minutes (
C) to prevent chilling or discomfort. Longer durations (A, B,
D) increase risk of hypothermia or skin irritation.
Question 5 of 5
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. When systemic cooling of the body is used in cardiovascular surgery, what are the effects of the therapy?
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Systemic cooling in cardiovascular surgery slows metabolism (
A) and reduces oxygen requirements (
C) to protect organs. Ischemia (
B) is a potential risk, not a desired effect, and phagocytosis (
D) is unrelated.