ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 37 : Nutrition Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nursing student is caring for a patient who had a gastrostomy tube placement 12 hours ago. Which action by the student is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using a cotton-tipped applicator with sterile saline (
A) is correct for cleaning a new gastrostomy site. Soap and water (
B) is used after healing, frequent disk adjustment (
C) is unnecessary, gauze taping (
D) risks moisture retention, and residuals (E, F) are not routinely checked this early.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a patient who has been NPO (nothing by mouth) prior to abdominal surgery. The patient is ordered a clear liquid diet for breakfast, to advance to a house diet as tolerated. Which assessment would indicate to the nurse that the patient's diet should not be advanced?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fullness and diarrhea (
D) indicate intolerance to the clear liquid diet, suggesting the diet should not advance. Consuming 75% of liquids (
A), hunger (
B), and normal abdominal findings (
C) support diet advancement.
Question 3 of 5
A patient hospitalized for a stroke has a prescription for continuous tube feedings through a small-bore nasogastric tube. Following tube placement, which action by the nurse best confirms correct tube placement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: X-ray validation (
D) is the most accurate method to confirm nasogastric tube placement. Auscultation (
A) is unreliable, pH measurement (
B) is secondary, and residual measurement (
C) doesn't confirm placement.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse specializing in care of older adults speaks to a group of nursing students about that population's challenge with obtaining sufficient nutrition. Which points will the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,F
Rationale: Older adults face challenges like tooth loss (
B), constipation from decreased peristalsis (
C), taste changes favoring sweets (
D), and decreased caloric but increased nutrient needs (F). BMR decreases with age (
A), and thirst sensation diminishes (E).
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in the intensive care unit is reviewing diagnostic studies to evaluate a patient's nutritional status. What findings consistent with inadequate nutrition require intervention by the nurse? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Decreased hemoglobin (
A), low prealbumin (
B), and anemia (
D) indicate inadequate nutrition, requiring intervention. Increased transferrin (
C) is not typical of malnutrition, and elevated lymphocytes (E) suggest infection, not nutritional deficiency.