Chapter 34: Activity - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C,F,A,E,D,B

Rationale: When a patient is being moved or ambulated and starts to fall, the nurse places their feet wide apart with one foot in front, rocks their pelvis out toward the side of the patient, grasps the gait belt, supports the patient by pulling the patient's weight backward against their body, gently slides the patient down their body toward the floor while protecting the patient's head, and remains with the patient while calling for help.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: By 5 months, head control is usually achieved. An infant usually rolls over by 6 to 9 months. By 15 months, most toddlers can walk unassisted. By 2 years, most toddlers can jump.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The trochanter roll is used to support the hips and legs to prevent external rotation. SCDs and antiembolism stockings are used to prevent DVT. Fowler's position allows for foot rotation and increases sacral pressure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a nonerect patient, the kidneys and ureters are level, limiting or delaying urinary drainage from the kidney pelvis to ureter and bladder. The resulting urinary stasis favors the growth of bacteria that can promote urinary tract infections. Regular exercise, not immobility, improves blood flow to the kidneys. Immobility predisposes the patient to bone demineralization, resulting in increased urinary calcium levels and alkaline urine, contributing to renal calculi and urinary tract infection, respectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: High-Fowler's position promotes maximal lung expansion and is the position of choice during episodes of dyspnea. Encouraging ambulation during distress will increase dyspnea. Distracting the patient is not addressing the underlying cause of dyspnea, which is activity. Holding the breath increases demands on the heart.