ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 34 : Activity Questions
Question 1 of 5
In a nonerect patient, what is a potential consequence of immobility?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a nonerect patient, the kidneys and ureters are level, limiting or delaying urinary drainage from the kidney pelvis to ureter and bladder. The resulting urinary stasis favors the growth of bacteria that can promote urinary tract infections. Regular exercise, not immobility, improves blood flow to the kidneys. Immobility predisposes the patient to bone demineralization, resulting in increased urinary calcium levels and alkaline urine, contributing to renal calculi and urinary tract infection, respectively.
Question 2 of 5
Which position promotes maximal lung expansion during episodes of dyspnea?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High-Fowler's position promotes maximal lung expansion and is the position of choice during episodes of dyspnea. Encouraging ambulation during distress will increase dyspnea. Distracting the patient is not addressing the underlying cause of dyspnea, which is activity. Holding the breath increases demands on the heart.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following are appropriate instructions for quadricep-setting exercises?
Correct Answer: B,C,F
Rationale: Breathing in and out smoothly during quadricep-setting exercises maximizes lung inflation. The patient should perform quadricep-setting exercises two to three times per hour, four to six times a day, or as ordered. The patient should never hold their breath during exercise drills because this places a strain on the heart. Pushups are usually done three or four times a day and involve only the upper body. Dangling for a few minutes is done to adjust to the upright position; dangling for 30 to 60 minutes is impractical for the nurse to supervise and may prove unsafe. The nurse should place the bed in the lowest position or use a footstool for dangling.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a patient with weak dorsiflexion how to prevent foot drop. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To prevent foot drop, the nurse should support the feet in dorsiflexion using a footboard and/or high-top sneakers for further support. Supination involves lying patients on their back or facing a body part upward, and hyperextension is a state of exaggerated extension. Abduction involves lateral movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. These positions do not prevent foot drop.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is instructing a patient recovering from a stroke on proper use of a cane. What information will the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The proper procedure for using a cane is to (1) stand with weight distributed evenly between the feet and cane; (2) support weight on the stronger leg and the cane and advance the weaker foot forward, parallel with the cane; (3) support weight on the weaker leg and cane and advance the stronger leg forward ahead of the cane; (4) move the weaker leg forward until even with the stronger leg and advance the cane again as in step 2. The patient should keep the cane within easy reach and use it for support to rise safely from a sitting position.