ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 31 : Perioperative Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse on a surgical unit is aware that older adults develop reduced vital capacity as a result of normal physiologic changes. Based on these changes, which nursing intervention takes priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reduced vital capacity in older adults decreases respiratory expansion, increasing the risk for pneumonia and atelectasis. Encouraging the patient to turn, cough, and deep breathe every 4 hours helps to prevent complications.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse teaches a patient the rationale for performing leg exercises after surgery. How does the nurse best explain the purpose of the exercises to the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leg exercises promote venous return and decrease complications related to venous stasis causing DVT and help prevent muscle weakness. These exercises also decrease risk for thrombophlebitis and emboli.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing a patient for same-day surgery. Which of these patient-related findings must the nurse report immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients receiving anticoagulants are at risk for bleeding or hemorrhage during invasive and surgical procedures. Wanting to know an anticipated discharge date is expected, the surgeon can fill out the consent form prior to sedation, and a slight increase in blood pressure is possible related to anxiety before surgery.
Question 4 of 5
Based on the objective and subjective assessment of this patient, which priority problem should the nurse identify to guide the perioperative plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gabrielle's calm but cooperative behavior, coupled with her reluctance to let go of her mother, indicates acute anxiety as the priority problem. Addressing anxiety is critical to ensure a smooth perioperative experience, as it can impact cooperation and emotional readiness for surgery.
Question 5 of 5
Which solution is reasonable and safe for this transition of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allowing Gabrielle's mother to accompany her to the surgical suite until anesthesia takes effect is a safe and reasonable solution. It provides comfort and reduces anxiety during the transition, while ensuring clinical safety under controlled conditions.