ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 31 : Perioperative Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in the PACU is preparing to receive a patient from surgery who sustained a ruptured spleen in a motor vehicle accident. Which of these system assessments will take priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The priority assessment focuses on the ruptured organ, blood loss, and monitoring for early signs of shock. Tachycardia, the first sign of shock, and decreasing blood pressure must be immediately reported to the health care provider. The neurologic system may be affected due to anesthesia, but ambulatory function is not the immediate priority. The nurse anticipates reduced or absent bowel sounds after surgery, but risk for blood loss is the priority. The nurse plans to promote wound healing and repositions the patient to prevent skin breakdown; however, hemorrhage and early detection of shock is the priority at this time.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing a patient for a cesarean birth using spinal anesthesia. Which effects of anesthesia will the nurse teach the patient to expect? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: A localized loss of sensation, loss of motor function, and possible loss of reflexes occur with a regional anesthetic. Loss of consciousness, including speech and relaxation of skeletal muscles, occurs with general anesthesia. Prolonged pain relief after other anesthesia wears off and infiltration of the underlying tissues in an operative area occur with topical anesthesia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse has been asked to witness a patient signature on an informed consent form for surgery. What communication from the surgeon does the nurse expect the patient to receive before signing the form? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,E,F
Rationale: The information communicated while obtaining informed consent includes the description of the procedure or treatment; potential alternative therapies; the option of nontreatment; the underlying disease process and its natural course; the name and qualifications of the health care provider performing the procedure or treatment; explanation of the risks and benefits; explanation that the patient has the right to refuse treatment; explanation that consent can be withdrawn; and explanation of expected (not guaranteed) outcome, recovery, and rehabilitation plan and course.
Question 4 of 5
An older adult who is scheduled for a hip replacement is taking several medications on a regular basis. Which group of medications does the nurse identify as a surgical risk for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anticoagulant medications increase the risk for hemorrhage intra- and postoperatively.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is obese and has had abdominal surgery. The nurse prioritizes a plan to prevent what postoperative complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adipose (fatty) tissue has poor blood supply, which places the obese patient at risk for delayed wound healing, wound infection, and disruption in the integrity of the wound. Medication interactions are not the primary concern and are managed by the nurse anesthetist or anesthesiologist. Postoperative bleeding and flatulence (gas) after anesthesia are concerns for all patients, not just those with obesity.