ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 29 : Complementary and Integrative Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient has a temperature of 105.2?°F. The nurse is attempting to lower temperature by providing tepid sponge baths and placing cool compresses in strategic body locations. Which technique is the nurse using to lower the patient's temperature?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tepid sponge baths and cool compresses lower temperature via conduction (
B), transferring heat from the skin to the cooler objects through direct contact. Radiation (
A) involves heat loss to the environment without contact, not the primary method here. Convection (
C) requires air movement (e.g., fans), not used. Evaporation (
D) occurs with moisture vaporizing, a minor effect with tepid water but not dominant.
Choice B is correct as conduction is the main mechanism, aligning with nursing interventions to reduce fever by physically drawing heat away from the body.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse needs to increase heat conservation in a newborn. Which action will the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Newborns lose heat rapidly, especially from the head, due to a large surface area and limited thermoregulation. Placing a cap (
C) conserves heat by covering this key area, a standard neonatal practice. A diaper alone (
A) offers minimal coverage, increasing heat loss. Doubling clothing (
B) helps but is less effective than a cap for head protection. Raising the room to 90?°F (
D) risks overheating.
Choice C is correct, supported by pediatric guidelines (e.g., AAP) emphasizing head coverage to maintain newborn temperature stability.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is working the night shift on a surgical unit and notices that the patient's temperature is 96.8?°F (36?°C), whereas at 4:00 PM the preceding day, it was 98.6?°F (37?°C). What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A temperature of 96.8?°F (36?°
C) is slightly low but within normal diurnal variation (lowest at night). Waiting 30 minutes to recheck (
D) confirms if it's a trend or artifact, avoiding overreaction. Calling the provider (
A) is premature for a non-critical value without symptoms. Lowering it further (
B) is illogical for hypothermia. Adding a blanket (
C) assumes hypothermia without confirmation.
Choice D is correct, reflecting nursing judgment to monitor trends, aligning with circadian temperature dips and post-surgical assessment protocols.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is experiencing pyrexia. Which piece of equipment will the nurse obtain to monitor this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pyrexia (fever) requires temperature monitoring, making a thermometer (
B) essential. A stethoscope (
A) assesses heart/lung sounds, not temperature. A blood pressure cuff (
C) or sphygmomanometer (
D) measures pressure, not fever.
Choice B is correct as thermometers directly track temperature changes, a fundamental tool in nursing to manage and document febrile states accurately.
Question 5 of 5
Which statement correctly defines hyperthermia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperthermia is an uncontrolled rise in body temperature when heat production exceeds dissipation (
C), often from external factors or exertion, not set-point shifts. A downward set-point shift (
A) isn't hyperthermia. An upward shift (
B) defines fever, not hyperthermia. Reduced mechanisms (
D) may contribute but isn't the definition.
Choice C is correct, distinguishing hyperthermia from fever per nursing pathophysiology, critical for appropriate interventions.