ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 24 : Middle and Older Adulthood Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is helping to prepare a calendar for an older adult patient with cognitive impairment. Which type of cognitive impairment is non-reversible?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease causes progressive, irreversible cognitive impairment and is the most common degenerative neurologic illness. Post-stroke speech issues, malnutrition, and loss of cardiac reserve can often be managed or improved with therapeutic interventions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse caring for an older adult living in a long-term care facility uses reminiscence to help the patient adapt to the changes of aging. The nurse uses which question to encourage reminiscence?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Use of life review or reminiscence encourages reflection on past experiences, helping older adults adapt to life circumstances. Asking about past celebrations, like Christmas, promotes reminiscence, while questions about recent events, future plans, or feelings are less likely to encourage this process.
Question 3 of 5
Following a fall that left an older adult temporarily bedridden, the nurse is using the SPICES assessment tool to evaluate for cascade iatrogenesis. Which are correct aspects of this tool? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D,F
Rationale: The SPICES acronym identifies common problems in older adults: S-Sleep disorders, P-Problems with eating or feeding, I-Incontinence, C-Confusion, E-Evidence of falls, S-Skin breakdown. Senility is not a specific term used in the SPICES tool, and irritability is not part of the acronym.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse in a long-term care facility states in report that an older adult resident is quite frail. The oncoming caregiver prioritizes prevention of what problem?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frailty in older adults increases the risk of falls due to reduced strength, balance, and mobility. Preventing falls is a priority to avoid injuries such as fractures. Confusion, delirium, and dementia are important but are not as directly linked to frailty as falls.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is admitted to the acute care medical center with change in mental status, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances. Which of these reflects a reversible cause of the changes in mental status?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Delirium is a reversible cause of changes in mental status, often triggered by factors like dehydration or electrolyte imbalances, which can be treated. Alzheimer's disease and dementia are progressive and irreversible, while delirium superimposed on dementia includes a reversible component (delirium) but is complicated by underlying irreversible dementia.