ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 23 : Conception Through Young Adulthood Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 2-year-old grabs a handful of cake from the table and stuffs it in their mouth. According to Freud, what part of the mind is the child satisfying?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Freud defined the id as the part of the mind concerned with self-gratification by the easiest and quickest available means.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching parents of preschoolers the types of behavior to expect from their children based on developmental theories. Which statements describe this stage of development? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: According to Freud, the child is in the phallic stage. According to Fowler, the child imitates religious behavior of others. According to Kohlberg, the child defines satisfying acts as right. According to Erikson, the child is in the initiative versus guilt stage, not trust versus mistrust. According to Havighurst, the child is learning sex differences, forming concepts, and getting ready to read. Achieving gender-specific social roles is associated with adolescence, not preschoolers.
Question 3 of 5
When caring for older adults in a long-term care facility, a nurse encourages an older adult to talk about past life events. One patient tells the nurse they were an angry person, lost many jobs, and ended up alone. According to Erikson, this patient is in what developmental stage?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reminiscence during the older years of a person's life provides a sense of fulfillment and purpose (ego integrity). The patient's description of anger, job loss, and loneliness suggests they are experiencing despair, which occurs when a person believes their life has been a series of failures or missed directions.
Question 4 of 5
Nursing students attending a class on genomics are discussing its use in current nursing practice. Which statements by the students identify genetic principles that will challenge nurses to integrate genomics in their research, education, and practice? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Health care providers are challenged to integrate genomics into their research, education, and practice. Genetic tests plus family history tools have the potential to identify people at risk for diseases. Pharmacogenetics studies how genetic variation affects a person's response to drugs, helping to determine if a patient is likely to have a strong therapeutic response or develop adverse effects to a drug. Genetic variation can either accelerate or slow the metabolism of many drugs. Evidence-based review panels and national databases are emerging challenges, but they are not principles of genomics. It is within a nurse's scope to discuss genetic findings and their impact on health.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse who is working with women in a drop-in shelter studies Carol Gilligan's theory of morality in women to use when planning care. According to Gilligan, what is the motivation for female morality?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In Gilligan's theory, women typically see moral requirements emerging from the needs of others within the context of a relationship. This moral orientation of women is called the ethic of care, which develops through three levels: Preconventional (Selfishness), Conventional (Goodness), and Postconventional (Nonviolence).