ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care Tenth, North American Edition
Chapter 2 : Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based
Practice Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is using general systems theory to assist a family of four develop healthier food choices. What statement best reflects a key point of this theory?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: General systems theory defines a system as a set of interacting elements contributing to the overall goal of the system. A change in one element could affect other subsystems, as well as the whole.
To survive, open systems maintain balance through feedback, in this case, family members. An open system allows energy, matter, and information to move freely between systems and boundaries, such as with members of the health care team, whereas a closed system does not allow input from or output.
Question 2 of 5
A charge nurse meets with staff to outline a plan to provide transcultural nursing care for patients in their health care facility. The charge nurse explains that transcultural care as the central theme of nursing care, knowledge, and practice was promoted by which theorist?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Madeline Leininger's theory provides the foundations of transcultural nursing care by making caring the central theme of nursing. Jean Watson stated that nursing is concerned with promoting and restoring health, preventing illness, and caring for the sick. The central theme of Dorothy E. Johnson's theory is that problems arise because of disturbances in the system or subsystem or functioning below optimal level. Betty Newman proposed that humans are in constant relationship with stressors in the environment and the major nursing focus is keeping the patient system stable through accurate assessment of these stressors.
Question 3 of 5
After their clinical experience, nursing students are given a reflective assignment to discuss the concepts in nursing theory that influence and determine nursing practice. What part of this theory is most important when delivering thoughtful care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Of the four concepts, the most important is the person. The focus of nursing, regardless of definition or theory, is the person.
Question 4 of 5
Nursing students have been assigned to discuss a section of a research article examining 24-hour visitation for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). What topic will the student assigned to the applicability section plan to discuss?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Applicability refers to how study results could be used in practice. Method includes the design and data analysis. Informed consent affirms the patient's right to agree to participate in a study without coercion, to refuse to participate without jeopardizing their care, the right to confidentiality, the right to be protected from harm, and the ability to withdraw from the study at any time.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse conducting quantitative research hypothesizes that adolescents with anorexia nervosa who participate in outpatient therapy report less depression than those receiving inpatient treatment. What information does the nurse collect to support the hypothesis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Data refer to information that the researcher collects from subjects in the study, generally expressed in words, numbers, graphs, and charts. A variable is something (such as conditions, equipment, interventions) that varies and has different values (outcomes) that can be measured. Instruments are devices used to collect and record the data, such as rating scales, pencil-and-paper tests, and biologic measurements.