ATI LPN
Fundamentals of Nursing Care: Concepts, Connections & Skills
Chapter 28 : Respiratory Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is (are) true of chemical regulation of respirations?
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Chemoreceptors in the carotid arteries, aorta, and brain monitor CO?, O?, and pH levels to regulate breathing. Rising CO? lowers blood pH, triggering the brain's chemoreceptors to increase the rate and depth of respirations. Peripheral chemoreceptors respond to low oxygen by signaling the medulla. In healthy people, CO? is the main drive to breathe, while in those with chronic lung disease, low oxygen becomes the primary trigger. Respiratory control is managed by the medulla, not the cerebellum.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who has chronic lung disease is stimulated to breathe because the chemoreceptors detect:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In patients with chronic lung disease (such as COP
D), the body becomes accustomed to high levels of carbon dioxide, so the usual CO?-driven respiratory drive is blunted. As a result, low oxygen levels become the primary stimulus to breathe?this is called a hypoxic drive.
Question 3 of 5
You are caring for a patient who has lung disease. Yesterday, the patient was pleasant and cooperative. Today, the patient is irritable, restless, and a little confused. She is also complaining of a headache. What concerns you the most about this situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Irritability, restlessness, confusion, and headache are classic signs of early hypoxia in a patient with lung disease.
Question 4 of 5
You listen to the patient's lungs and hear adventitious breath sounds bilaterally. You note a frequent productive cough of thick yellow sputum. Which other assessments will you quickly make?
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: These assessments evaluate oxygenation, respiratory status, and signs of infection, critical in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
Incentive spirometry is used to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Incentive spirometry promotes deep breathing to prevent pneumonia and atelectasis post-surgery or in lung disease.