ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 3 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Drug transfer to the fetus is more likely during the last trimester of pregnancy for which reason?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drug transfer to the fetus is more likely during the last trimester of pregnancy as a result of enhanced blood flow to the fetus. Increased fetal surface area, not decreased, is a factor that affects drug transfer to the fetus. The placenta's surface area does not increase during this time. Drug transfer is increased because of an increased amount of free drug, not protein-bound drug, in the mother's circulation.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a patient who is in the 26th week of pregnancy and has developed gestational diabetes and pneumonia. She is given medications that pose a possible fetal risk, but the potential benefits may warrant the use of the medications in her situation. The nurse recognizes that these medications are in which U.S. Food and Drug Administration pregnancy safety category?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pregnancy category D fits the description given, as it indicates evidence of human fetal risk, but potential benefits may warrant use in pregnant women despite risks. Category A indicates no risk to the human fetus; Category B indicates no risk to animal fetus with no human data available; Category C indicates adverse effects in animal fetus with no human data available.
Question 3 of 5
When discussing dosage calculation for pediatric patients with a clinical pharmacist, the nurse notes that which type of dosage calculation is used most commonly in pediatric calculations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The milligram per kilogram formula, based on body weight, is the most common method of calculating doses for pediatric patients. West nomogram and Clark rule are available but less commonly used, and height-to-weight ratio is not a standard method.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assessing a newly admitted 83-year-old patient and determines that the patient is experiencing polypharmacy. Which statement most accurately illustrates polypharmacy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Polypharmacy usually occurs when a patient has several illnesses and takes medications for each of them, possibly prescribed by different specialists who may be unaware of other treatments the patient is undergoing. It involves multiple medications, not just multiple illnesses, a single medication, or only over-the-counter drugs.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is aware that confusion, forgetfulness, and increased risk for falls are common responses in an elderly patient who is taking which type of drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sedatives and hypnotics often cause confusion, daytime sedation, ataxia, lethargy, forgetfulness, and increased risk for falls in the elderly. Laxatives, anticoagulants, and antidepressants may cause other adverse effects, but not the specific ones mentioned.