ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 49 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Two patients arrive at the clinic; one is a young boy with sickle cell anemia, and another is a 57-year-old woman with early stages of Hodgkin's disease. The nurse notices that both patients need the same vaccine. What vaccine would that be?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: H. influenzae type b conjugate vaccine is usually given to patients with one of these disorders: sickle cell anemia, an immunodeficiency syndrome, Hodgkin's disease, and others. The other options are incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing principles of immunization. What type of immunization occurs when antibodies pass from mother to infant during breastfeeding or through the placenta during pregnancy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Natural passive immunization occurs when antibodies are transferred from the mother to her infant in breast milk or through the bloodstream via the placenta during pregnancy. Artificial active immunization causes an antigen-antibody response and stimulates the body's defenses to resist any subsequent exposures. Artificial passive immunization is conferred by bypassing the host's immune system and injecting the person with antiserum or concentrated antibodies obtained from other humans or animals.
Question 3 of 5
A 45-year-old man has received a series of immunizing drugs in preparation for a trip to a developing country. Within hours, his wife brings him to the emergency department because he has developed edema of the face, tongue, and throat and is having trouble breathing. The nurse suspects that, based on the patient's history and symptoms, he is experiencing which condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The symptoms of edema of the face, tongue, and throat along with difficulty breathing suggest an anaphylactic reaction, which is a severe allergic response that can occur after receiving immunizing drugs. Serum sickness is characterized by symptoms like fever, rash, and joint pain, typically appearing days to weeks after exposure. Cross-sensitivity refers to allergic reactions to related substances, and thrombocytopenic purpura involves bleeding issues due to low platelet counts, neither of which match the described symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
A 12-month-old infant has received an MMR II (measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine), and her mother calls the clinic that afternoon to ask about helping her fussy infant to 'feel better.' What will the nurse suggest?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Applying warm compresses to the injection site and using acetaminophen (not aspirin, which carries the risk for Reye's syndrome) should help to relieve the discomfort. The other options are incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
A sanitation worker has experienced a needle stick by a contaminated needle that was placed in a trash can. The employee health nurse expects that which drug will be used to provide passive immunity to hepatitis B infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hepatitis B immunoglobulin provides passive immunity for individuals exposed to hepatitis B, such as through a needle stick. The hepatitis B virus vaccine promotes active immunity, not passive. The other options are not appropriate for this situation.