ATI LPN
Roach's Introductory Clinical Pharmacology 11th Edition
Chapter 38 Questions
Question 1 of 5
When describing arrhythmias to a group of nursing students, the instructor explains that arrhythmias may be triggered by which of the following? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Arrhythmias may occur as a result of heart disease, a disorder that affects cardiovascular function, emotional stress, hypoxia, and electrolyte imbalances. Diabetes is not a direct trigger for arrhythmias but may contribute indirectly through cardiovascular complications.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reading a journal article about propranolol. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find discussed? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Propranolol (Inderal) is a class II antiarrhythmic that acts by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors of the heart and kidney, reducing the influence of the sympathetic nervous system on these areas, decreasing the excitability of the heart and the release of renin. Propranolol also has membrane-stabilizing effects.
Question 3 of 5
When explaining how verapamil (Calan) produces its effects on the cardiovascular system, which of the following would the nurse integrate into the explanation? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Verapamil (Calan) is a calcium channel blocker. These drugs inhibit the movement of calcium through channels across the myocardial cell membranes and vascular smooth muscle. Cardiac and vascular smooth muscle depends on the movement of calcium ions into the muscle cells through specific ion channels. When this movement is inhibited, the coronary and peripheral arteries dilate, thereby decreasing the force of cardiac contraction. This drug also reduces heart rate by slowing conduction through the SA and AV nodes.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse would administer disopyramide cautiously to a client with which condition? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Disopyramide is used cautiously in clients with myasthenia gravis, urinary retention, or glaucoma and in men with prostate enlargement. Diabetes and hypothyroidism are not specifically contraindicated but require monitoring.
Question 5 of 5
Before administering any antiarrhythmic, the nurse would assess which of the following? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: The preadministration assessment of the client's general condition should include observations such as skin color, orientation, level of consciousness, and the client's general status. Blood glucose and input/output are not directly relevant unless specified.