ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 53 : Vitamins and Minerals Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing vitamin therapy in preparation for a nutrition class. Which statements are accurate regarding vitamin C (ascorbic acid)? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,E,G
Rationale: Vitamin C is important for the maintenance of bone, teeth, and capillaries; for tissue repair. Vitamin C deficiency is known as scurvy; and it is found in foods such as tomatoes, strawberries, and broccoli. Vitamin A is essential for night vision, and vitamin D is known as the sunshine vitamin. With the exception of liver, meat and dairy products are not sources of vitamin C.
Question 2 of 5
The patient asks the nurse about taking large doses of vitamin C to improve her immunity to colds. 'It's just a vitamin, right? What can happen?' Which responses by the nurse are correct? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Vitamin C is usually nontoxic unless excessive dosages are consumed. Large doses (megadoses) can produce nausea, vomiting, headache, and abdominal cramps, and they acidify the urine, which can result in the formation of kidney stones. Furthermore, individuals who discontinue taking excessive daily doses of ascorbic acid can experience scurvy-like symptoms. Studies have shown that megadoses of vitamin C have little or no value as prophylaxis against the common cold. Vitamin C is required for several important metabolic activities, including collagen synthesis and the maintenance of connective tissue and tissue repair.
Question 3 of 5
During an intravenous infusion of calcium, the nurse carefully monitors the patient for symptoms of hypercalcemia. Which are symptoms of hypercalcemia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Symptoms of hypercalcemia include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Long-term excessive calcium intake can result in severe hypercalcemia, which can cause cardiac irregularities, delirium, and coma. The other options are incorrect.
Question 4 of 5
During an intravenous infusion of magnesium, the nurse carefully monitors the patient for adverse effects. Which of these are adverse effects of intravenous magnesium administration? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Adverse effects of magnesium are due to hypermagnesemia, which results in tendon reflex loss, difficult bowel movements, CNS depression, respiratory distress and heart block, and hypothermia. The other options are incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
A patient will be receiving monthly injections of cyanocobalamin. The dose is 100 mcg/month IM. The medication is available in a strength of 1000 mcg/mL. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will draw up into the syringe. (Record answer using one decimal place.)
Correct Answer: 0.1 mL
Rationale: 1000 mcg : 1 mL :: 100 mcg : x mL. (1000 ?? x) = (1 ?? 100); 1000x = 100; x = 0.1 mL.