ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 53 : Vitamins and Minerals Questions
Question 1 of 5
A newly admitted patient has orders for a zinc supplement. The nurse reviews the patient's medical history and concludes that the zinc is ordered for which reason?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Zinc plays a crucial role in the enzymatic metabolic reactions involving both proteins and carbohydrates. This makes it especially important for normal tissue growth and repair. It therefore also has a major role in wound healing. Vitamin B3 (niacin) is used to treat pellagra; vitamin D is used to treat osteomalacia; and vitamin K is used as an antidote for anticoagulant overdose.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing vitamin therapy in preparation for a nutrition class. Which statements are accurate regarding vitamin C (ascorbic acid)? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,E,G
Rationale: Vitamin C is important for the maintenance of bone, teeth, and capillaries; for tissue repair. Vitamin C deficiency is known as scurvy; and it is found in foods such as tomatoes, strawberries, and broccoli. Vitamin A is essential for night vision, and vitamin D is known as the sunshine vitamin. With the exception of liver, meat and dairy products are not sources of vitamin C.
Question 3 of 5
The patient asks the nurse about taking large doses of vitamin C to improve her immunity to colds. 'It's just a vitamin, right? What can happen?' Which responses by the nurse are correct? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Vitamin C is usually nontoxic unless excessive dosages are consumed. Large doses (megadoses) can produce nausea, vomiting, headache, and abdominal cramps, and they acidify the urine, which can result in the formation of kidney stones. Furthermore, individuals who discontinue taking excessive daily doses of ascorbic acid can experience scurvy-like symptoms. Studies have shown that megadoses of vitamin C have little or no value as prophylaxis against the common cold. Vitamin C is required for several important metabolic activities, including collagen synthesis and the maintenance of connective tissue and tissue repair.
Question 4 of 5
During an intravenous infusion of calcium, the nurse carefully monitors the patient for symptoms of hypercalcemia. Which are symptoms of hypercalcemia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Symptoms of hypercalcemia include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Long-term excessive calcium intake can result in severe hypercalcemia, which can cause cardiac irregularities, delirium, and coma. The other options are incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
During an intravenous infusion of magnesium, the nurse carefully monitors the patient for adverse effects. Which of these are adverse effects of intravenous magnesium administration? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Adverse effects of magnesium are due to hypermagnesemia, which results in tendon reflex loss, difficult bowel movements, CNS depression, respiratory distress and heart block, and hypothermia. The other options are incorrect.