ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 52 : Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing new postoperative orders and notes that the order reads, 'Give hydroxyzine 50 mg IV PRN nausea or vomiting.' The patient states that he has slight nausea. Which action by the nurse is correct at this time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse needs to question the route. Hydroxyzine is an antihistamine-class antiemetic that is only to be given either by oral or intramuscular routes. Intravenous, intra-arterial, or subcutaneous administration of hydroxyzine may result in significant tissue damage, thrombosis, and gangrene. Antiemetic drugs are best given before the patient's nausea becomes severe.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is on a chemotherapy regimen in an outpatient clinic and is receiving a chemotherapy drug that is known to be highly emetogenic. The nurse will implement which interventions regarding the pharmacologic management of nausea and vomiting? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,E,F
Rationale: Antiemetics should be given before any chemotherapy drug is administered, often 30 to 60 minutes before treatment, but not immediately before chemotherapy is administered. Do not wait until the nausea begins. Most antiemetics cause drowsiness, not restlessness and anxiety. Orthostatic hypotension is a possible adverse effect that may lead to injury.
Question 3 of 5
An adult patient is about to receive intravenous (IV) ondansetron during a chemotherapy treatment. A dose of 0.15 mg/kg IV 30 minutes before chemotherapy is ordered. The patient weighs 165 pounds. The medication is supplied in a vial marked 2 mg/mL for IV administration. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will administer for this dose. (Record answer to one decimal place.)
Correct Answer: 5.7 mL
Rationale: Convert pounds to kilograms: 165 ?· 2.2 = 75 kg. Calculate milligrams per dose: 0.15 mg/kg ?? 75 kg = 11.25 mg, rounded to 11.3 mg/dose. Calculate milliliters to be given: 2 mg:1 mL::11.3 mg:x mL, (2 ?? x) = (1 ?? 11.3); 2x = 11.3, x = 5.65, which rounds to 5.7 mL.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is receiving a tube feeding through a gastrostomy. The nurse expects that which type of drug will be used to promote gastric emptying for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prokinetic drugs promote the movement of substances through the gastrointestinal tract and increase gastrointestinal motility.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who has AIDS has lost weight and is easily fatigued because of his malnourished state. The nurse anticipates an order for which antinausea drug to stimulate his appetite?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dronabinol is used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy, generally as a second-line drug after treatment with other antiemetics has failed. It is also used to stimulate appetite and weight gain in patients with AIDS and in patients undergoing chemotherapy.