ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 45 : Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle-Specific Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who has been on methotrexate therapy is experiencing mild pain. The patient is asking for aspirin for the pain. The nurse recognizes that which of these is true in this situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methotrexate interacts with weak organic acids, such as aspirin, and can lead to toxicity by displacing the methotrexate from protein-binding sites.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching about infection-prevention measures with a patient who is receiving antineoplastic drug therapy. During a Teach-Back session, which statement by the patient indicates the need for further education?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients who are neutropenic and susceptible to infections need to adhere to a low-microbe diet by washing fresh fruits and vegetables and making sure foods are well cooked. The other options are correct infection-prevention measures.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is evaluating the laboratory results of a patient who has received chemotherapy. The loss of which blood cell leads to lack of energy, fatigue, intolerance of activity and hypoxemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bone marrow suppression from antineoplastics affects RBC values, leading to severe anemia. RBCs carry oxygen-attached to the hemoglobin-from the lungs to the rest of the body. RBCs also help carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs for exhalation.
Therefore, if RBC counts are low (e.g., with anemia), the body does not get the oxygen it needs, which leads to lack of energy, fatigue, intolerance of activity, shortness of breath, and hypoxemia.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is receiving irinotecan, along with other antineoplastic drugs, as treatment for ovarian cancer. The nurse will monitor for which potentially life-threatening adverse effect that is associated with this drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In addition to producing hematologic adverse effects, irinotecan has been associated with severe diarrhea, known as cholinergic diarrhea, which may occur during infusions. Delayed diarrhea may occur 2 to 10 days after infusion. It is recommended that this condition can be treated with atropine unless use of that drug is strongly contraindicated. This diarrhea can be severe and even life-threatening.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a patient who has severe bone marrow suppression following antineoplastic drug therapy. Which is considered a principal early sign of infection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fever and/or chills may be the first sign of an oncoming infection. Elevated white blood cell count will not occur because of the bone marrow suppression. The other options are incorrect.