ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 38 : Antibiotics Part 1 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient tells the nurse that he is having nausea and decreased appetite during drug therapy with a tetracycline antibiotic. Which statement is the nurse's best advice to the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oral doses should be given with at least 8 ounces of fluids and food to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Antacids and dairy products will bind with the tetracycline and make it inactive.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a patient who has been on antibiotic therapy for 2 weeks. Today the patient tells the nurse that he has had watery diarrhea since the day before and is having abdominal cramps. His oral temperature is 101?°F (38.3?°C). Based on these findings, which conclusion will the nurse draw?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is a common adverse effect of antibiotics. However, it becomes a serious superinfection when it causes antibiotic-associated colitis, also known as pseudomembranous colitis or simply C. difficile infection. This happens because antibiotics disrupt the normal gut flora and can cause an overgrowth of Clostridium difficile. The most common symptoms of C. difficile colitis are watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is monitoring for therapeutic results of antibiotic therapy in a patient with an infection. Which laboratory value would indicate therapeutic effectiveness of this therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased white blood cell counts are an indication of reduction of infection and are a therapeutic effect of antibiotic therapy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the culture results of a patient with an infection, and notes that the culture indicates a gram-positive organism. Which generation of cephalosporin is most appropriate for this type of infection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: First-generation cephalosporins provide excellent coverage against gram-positive bacteria but limited coverage against gram-negative bacteria.
Question 5 of 5
A patient will be having oral surgery and has received an antibiotic to take for 1 week before the surgery. The nurse knows that this is an example of which type of therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prophylactic antibiotic therapy is used to prevent infection. Empiric therapy involves selecting the antibiotic that can best kill the microorganisms known to be the most common causes of an infection. Definitive therapy occurs once the culture and sensitivity results are known. Resistance is not a type of antibiotic therapy.