ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 38 : Antibiotics Part 1 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is receiving his third intravenous dose of a penicillin drug. He calls the nurse to report that he is feeling anxious and is having trouble breathing. What will the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypersensitivity reactions are characterized by wheezing; shortness of breath; swelling of the face, tongue, or hands; itching; or rash. The nurse should immediately stop the antibiotic infusion, have someone notify the prescriber, and stay with the patient to monitor the patient's vital signs and condition. Checking for allergies should have been done before the infusion.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is admitted with a fever of 102.8?°F (39.3?°C), origin unknown. Assessment reveals cloudy, foul-smelling urine that is dark amber in color. Orders have just been written to obtain stat urine and blood cultures and to administer an antibiotic intravenously. The nurse will complete these orders in which sequence?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All culture specimens should be obtained before initiating antibiotic drug therapy; otherwise, the presence of antibiotics in the tissues may result in misleading culture and sensitivity results.
Question 3 of 5
A patient tells the nurse that he is having nausea and decreased appetite during drug therapy with a tetracycline antibiotic. Which statement is the nurse's best advice to the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oral doses should be given with at least 8 ounces of fluids and food to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Antacids and dairy products will bind with the tetracycline and make it inactive.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a patient who has been on antibiotic therapy for 2 weeks. Today the patient tells the nurse that he has had watery diarrhea since the day before and is having abdominal cramps. His oral temperature is 101?°F (38.3?°C). Based on these findings, which conclusion will the nurse draw?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is a common adverse effect of antibiotics. However, it becomes a serious superinfection when it causes antibiotic-associated colitis, also known as pseudomembranous colitis or simply C. difficile infection. This happens because antibiotics disrupt the normal gut flora and can cause an overgrowth of Clostridium difficile. The most common symptoms of C. difficile colitis are watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is monitoring for therapeutic results of antibiotic therapy in a patient with an infection. Which laboratory value would indicate therapeutic effectiveness of this therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased white blood cell counts are an indication of reduction of infection and are a therapeutic effect of antibiotic therapy.