ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 32 : Diabetes Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
After starting treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus 6 months earlier, a patient is in the office for a follow-up examination. The nurse will monitor which laboratory test to evaluate the patient's adherence to the antidiabetic therapy over the past few months?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemoglobin A1C reflects average blood glucose over 2â??3 months, indicating adherence to antidiabetic therapy. Other tests provide less comprehensive data.
Question 2 of 5
A patient in the emergency department was showing signs of hypoglycemia and had a fingerstick glucose level of 38 mg/dL. The patient has just become unconscious. The nurse will anticipate which action to be next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Unconscious patients with hypoglycemia require IV glucose (e.g., 50% dextrose) to rapidly restore blood sugar, as oral intake is not possible. Lab tests are not immediate priorities.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer insulin intravenously. Which statement about the administration of intravenous insulin is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Only regular insulin is approved for IV administration, typically in emergencies like diabetic ketoacidosis, due to its predictable pharmacokinetics.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes has been treated for pneumonia for the past week. The patient has been receiving intravenous corticosteroids as well as antibiotics as part of his therapy. At this time, the pneumonia has resolved, but when monitoring the blood glucose levels, the nurse notices that the level is still elevated. What is the best explanation for this elevation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corticosteroids increase blood glucose by inducing insulin resistance and stimulating gluconeogenesis. Antibiotics, COPD hypoxia, or type 1 conversion are not the primary causes.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse knows to administer acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, at which time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acarbose is taken with the first bite of each main meal to inhibit carbohydrate digestion, reducing postprandial glucose spikes.