ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 29 : Fluids and Electrolytes Questions
Question 1 of 5
When monitoring a patient for signs of hypokalemia, the nurse looks for what early sign?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscle weakness is an early sign of hypokalemia due to potassium's role in muscle function. Cardiac dysrhythmias are a later, more severe symptom, while seizures and diarrhea are not typical signs.
Question 2 of 5
During an infusion of albumin, the nurse monitors the patient closely for the development of which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albumin infusion can cause fluid volume overload, especially in patients at risk for heart failure, due to its plasma-expanding effect. Hypernatremia, dehydration, and transfusion reactions are not typical adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is receiving an infusion of fresh frozen plasma. Based on this order, the nurse interprets that this patient has which condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fresh frozen plasma is used to treat coagulation disorders by providing clotting factors. It is not indicated for hypovolemic shock, anemia, or managing previous transfusion reactions.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells. Which intravenous solution is correct for use with the PRBC transfusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is the only compatible IV solution for PRBC transfusions, as dextrose-containing solutions like D5W, D5NS, or D5LR can cause hemolysis of the blood product.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells. Which patient would be best treated with this transfusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PRBCs are indicated for severe anemia to increase oxygen-carrying capacity. Coagulation disorders or clotting-factor deficiencies require fresh frozen plasma, and massive blood loss (>25% volume) requires whole blood.