ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 29 : Fluids and Electrolytes Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is in an urgent care center and is receiving treatment for mild hyponatremia after spending several hours doing gardening work in the heat of the day. The nurse expects that which drug therapy will be used to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mild hyponatremia is typically treated with oral sodium chloride tablets to restore sodium levels. IV normal saline or lactated Ringer's is used for severe cases, and oral fluids alone may not provide sufficient sodium.
Question 2 of 5
When monitoring a patient for signs of hypokalemia, the nurse looks for what early sign?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscle weakness is an early sign of hypokalemia due to potassium's role in muscle function. Cardiac dysrhythmias are a later, more severe symptom, while seizures and diarrhea are not typical signs.
Question 3 of 5
During an infusion of albumin, the nurse monitors the patient closely for the development of which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albumin infusion can cause fluid volume overload, especially in patients at risk for heart failure, due to its plasma-expanding effect. Hypernatremia, dehydration, and transfusion reactions are not typical adverse effects.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is receiving an infusion of fresh frozen plasma. Based on this order, the nurse interprets that this patient has which condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fresh frozen plasma is used to treat coagulation disorders by providing clotting factors. It is not indicated for hypovolemic shock, anemia, or managing previous transfusion reactions.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells. Which intravenous solution is correct for use with the PRBC transfusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is the only compatible IV solution for PRBC transfusions, as dextrose-containing solutions like D5W, D5NS, or D5LR can cause hemolysis of the blood product.