ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 28 : Diuretic Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
When assessing a patient who is receiving a loop diuretic, the nurse looks for the manifestations of potassium deficiency, which would include what symptoms?
Correct Answer: D,E,F
Rationale: Symptoms of hypokalemia include anorexia, nausea, lethargy, muscle weakness, mental confusion, and hypotension. The other symptoms are not associated with hypokalemia.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is to receive furosemide (Lasix) via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. The order reads, "Give furosemide, 60 mg, per PEG tube once daily. The medication is available in a liquid form, 40 mg/5 mL. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will administer for each dose.
Correct Answer: 7.5 mL
Rationale: 40 mg : 5 mL :: 60 mg : x mL; (40 * x) = (5 * 60); 40x = 300; x = 300/40 = 7.5 mL.
Question 3 of 5
The order for a child reads, "Give furosemide (Lasix) 2 mg/kg IV STAT. The child weighs 44 pounds. Identify how many milligrams the child will receive for this dose.
Correct Answer: 40 mg
Rationale: First, convert 44 pounds to kilograms: 44 pounds ?· 2.2 = 20 kg. Next, calculate mg/kg: 2 mg/kg ?? 20 kg = 40 mg.
Question 4 of 5
When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for edema, the nurse will monitor for which possible adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An undesirable effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is that they elevate the blood glucose level and cause glycosuria in diabetic patients. They induce metabolic acidosis, making their effectiveness diminish in 2 to 4 days. In addition, hypokalemia and drowsiness may occur. Hypoglycemia is not an adverse effect.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse will monitor a patient for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia if the patient is taking which of these diuretics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and patients taking this drug must be monitored for signs of hyperkalemia. The other drugs do not cause hyperkalemia but instead cause hypokalemia.