ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 28 : Diuretic Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This patient is very independent and wants to continue to live at home. The nurse will know that which teaching point is important for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Caution must be exercised in the administration of diuretics to older adults because they are more sensitive to the therapeutic effects of these drugs and are more sensitive to the adverse effects of diuretics, such as dehydration, electrolyte loss, dizziness, and syncope. Taking the diuretic with the evening meal may disrupt sleep because of nocturia. Doses should never be skipped or stopped without checking with the prescriber.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a patient who is taking a potassium-sparing diuretic. Which of the drugs or drug classes may have an interaction with this type of diuretic?
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Taking lithium with potassium-sparing diuretics may cause lithium toxicity; taking ACE inhibitors or potassium supplements may lead to hyperkalemia. Taking NSAIDs with potassium-sparing diuretics may cause a decreased diuretic response. There are no interactions with vancomycin or antidiabetic drugs and potassium-sparing diuretics.
Question 3 of 5
When assessing a patient who is receiving a loop diuretic, the nurse looks for the manifestations of potassium deficiency, which would include what symptoms?
Correct Answer: D,E,F
Rationale: Symptoms of hypokalemia include anorexia, nausea, lethargy, muscle weakness, mental confusion, and hypotension. The other symptoms are not associated with hypokalemia.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is to receive furosemide (Lasix) via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. The order reads, "Give furosemide, 60 mg, per PEG tube once daily. The medication is available in a liquid form, 40 mg/5 mL. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will administer for each dose.
Correct Answer: 7.5 mL
Rationale: 40 mg : 5 mL :: 60 mg : x mL; (40 * x) = (5 * 60); 40x = 300; x = 300/40 = 7.5 mL.
Question 5 of 5
The order for a child reads, "Give furosemide (Lasix) 2 mg/kg IV STAT. The child weighs 44 pounds. Identify how many milligrams the child will receive for this dose.
Correct Answer: 40 mg
Rationale: First, convert 44 pounds to kilograms: 44 pounds ?· 2.2 = 20 kg. Next, calculate mg/kg: 2 mg/kg ?? 20 kg = 40 mg.