ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 27 : Antilipemic Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is conducting a class about antilipemic drugs. The antilipemic drug ezetimibe works by which mechanism?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ezetimibe selectively inhibits cholesterol absorption in the small intestine, reducing circulating cholesterol levels. It does not inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, prevent bile acid resorption, or activate lipins.
Question 2 of 5
Antilipemic drug therapy is prescribed for a patient, and the nurse is providing instructions to the patient about the medication. Which instructions will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Instructions include eating raw vegetables and fruit to prevent constipation, reporting bleeding or jaundice (indicating liver issues), and reporting muscle pain (potential myopathy). Antilipemics have frequent drug interactions, and fluid intake should be encouraged, not limited. Taking with food may reduce GI distress, not before/after meals.
Question 3 of 5
The medication order reads, 'Give simvastatin 30 mg daily at bedtime, PO.' The medication is available in 20-mg tablets. Identify how many tablets the nurse will administer to the patient.
Correct Answer: 1.5
Rationale:
To calculate: 20 mg/1 tablet = 30 mg/x tablets. Cross-multiply: (20 * x) = (1 * 30); 20x = 30; x = 30/20 = 1.5 tablets.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with elevated lipid levels has a new prescription for niacin. The nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Niacin commonly causes pruritus and cutaneous flushing due to its vasodilatory effects. Tinnitus and urine odor are associated with bile acid sequestrants, myalgia and fatigue with statins, and blurred vision and headaches are not typical niacin adverse effects.
Question 5 of 5
A patient reports having adverse effects with niacin. The prescriber has recommended which action to minimize these undesirable effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking aspirin 30 minutes before niacin can reduce cutaneous flushing by counteracting prostaglandin-mediated vasodilation. Taking niacin with meals, not on an empty stomach, and maintaining consistent dosing, not skipping days, are recommended. Fiber does not reduce niacin's adverse effects.