ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 22 : Antihypertensive Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who is now in heart failure after a recent myocardial infarction will be receiving a new prescription for eplerenone. The nurse is reviewing the patient's laboratory results and will report which of these as a potential contraindication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eplerenone is contraindicated in patients with elevated serum potassium levels (higher than 5.5 mEq/L). The other answers are incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus has been found to have trace proteinuria. The prescriber writes an order for an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. What is the main reason for prescribing this class of drug for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors have been shown to have a protective effect on the kidneys because they reduce glomerular filtration pressure. This is one reason that they are among the cardiovascular drugs of choice for diabetic patients. The other drugs do not have this effect.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient and notes a new order for an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse checks the current medication orders, knowing that this drug class may have a serious interaction with what other drug class?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen can reduce the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. In addition, the use of NSAIDs and ACE inhibitors may also predispose patients to the development of acute renal failure.
Question 4 of 5
An older adult patient will be taking a vasodilator for hypertension. Which adverse effect is of most concern for the older adult patient taking this class of drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The older adult patient is more sensitive to the blood pressure-lowering effects of vasodilators, and consequently experiences more problems with hypotension, dizziness, and syncope. The other options are incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which statements by the nurse are correct?
Correct Answer: A,C,F
Rationale: Keeping a record of weekly blood pressure checks helps to monitor the effectiveness of the therapy. An exercise program may be beneficial but should be confirmed with the prescriber. Therapy is often lifelong, and patients should continue taking the medication even if feeling better to prevent rebound hypertension. Abruptly stopping medication or assuming over-the-counter decongestants are safe can lead to serious complications.