ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 15 : Antiparkinson Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
When treating patients with medications for Parkinson's disease, the nurse knows that the wearing-off phenomenon occurs for which reason?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The wearing-off phenomenon occurs as antiparkinson medications, particularly levodopa, lose effectiveness over time due to disease progression, despite maximal dosing.
Tolerance, rapid response swings, or liver metabolism issues are not the primary causes.
Question 2 of 5
When assessing the medication history of a patient with a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, which conditions are contraindications for the patient who will be taking carbidopa-levodopa? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Carbidopa-levodopa is contraindicated in angle-closure glaucoma, history of malignant melanoma (due to potential activation of melanoma), and concurrent MAOI use (due to risk of hypertensive crisis). Hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia are not absolute contraindications.
Question 3 of 5
The prescriber writes this order, 'Give amantadine 100 mg per PEG tube twice a day.' The medication is available in a liquid form with a concentration 50 mg/5 mL. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will give with each dose.
Correct Answer: 10 mL
Rationale:
To calculate: 50 mg/5 mL = 100 mg/x mL. Cross-multiply: (50 * x) = (5 * 100); 50x = 500; x = 500/50 = 10 mL per dose.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been taking selegiline for a few months, and recently the prescriber increased his dose to 20 mg/day. Today, during his office visit, he tells the nurse that he forgot and had a beer with dinner last evening, and 'felt awful.' What did the patient most likely experience?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At doses above 10 mg/day, selegiline becomes a nonselective MAOI, interacting with tyramine-containing foods like beer, leading to severe hypertension (cheese effect). Hypotension, urinary discomfort, and gastrointestinal upset are less likely.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been given a prescription for carbidopa-levodopa for a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. The patient asks the nurse, 'Why are there two drugs in this pill?' The nurse's best response reflects which fact?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbidopa inhibits peripheral breakdown of levodopa, increasing its availability to the CNS and allowing lower doses with fewer side effects. Carbidopa is not a dopamine precursor, and the combination does not eliminate drug-food interactions.