ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 12 : Central Nervous System Depressants and Muscle Relaxants Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer a barbiturate. Which conditions or disorders would be a contraindication to the use of these drugs?
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Contraindications to barbiturates include pregnancy, significant respiratory difficulties, and severe liver or renal disease. The other disorders are not contraindications.
Question 2 of 5
The barbiturate phenobarbital is prescribed for a patient with epilepsy. While assessing the patient's current medications, the nurse recognizes that interactions may occur with which drugs?
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The co-administration of barbiturates and alcohol, antihistamines, benzodiazepines, opioids, and tranquilizers may result in additive CNS depression. Co-administration of anticoagulants and barbiturates can result in decreased anticoagulation response and possible clot formation. Co-administration of barbiturates and oral contraceptives can result in accelerated metabolism of the contraceptive drug and possible unintended pregnancy. There are no interactions with diuretics and insulin.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is about to receive pentobarbital 100 mg IV as preoperative sedation. The medication is available in a concentration of 50 mg/mL. How many milliliters will the patient receive for this dose?
Correct Answer: 2 mL
Rationale: 50 mg : 1 mL :: 100 mg : x mL; (50 * x) = (1 * 100); 50x = 100; x = 2 mL.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has received some traumatic news is panicking and asks for some medication to help settle down. The nurse anticipates giving which drug that is most appropriate for this situation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Benzodiazepines such as diazepam are used as anxiolytics, or sedatives. Zolpidem is used as a hypnotic for sleep. Phenobarbital is not used as an anxiolytic but is used for seizure control. Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant and is not used to reduce anxiety.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been taking phenobarbital for 2 weeks as part of his therapy for epilepsy. He tells the nurse that he feels tense and that -the least little thingll bothers him now. Which is the correct explanation for this problem?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Barbiturates such as phenobarbital deprive people of REM sleep, which can result in agitation. Rebound phenomenon occurs when the drug is stopped (not during therapy), and the proportion of REM sleep increases, sometimes resulting in nightmares. The other options are incorrect.