ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 11 : General and Local Anesthetics Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the effects of general anesthesia with a group of new nurses. Which effects are expected with the use of general anesthetics? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: General anesthetics cause increased intracranial pressure, central nervous system depression, hypotension, decreased hepatic clearance, and respiratory depression. Glomerular filtration is typically decreased, not increased, and bronchodilation is not a consistent effect.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is to receive midazolam 2 mg IV push over 2 minutes just before an endoscopy procedure. The medication is available in a strength of 1 mg/mL. Identify how many milliliters of medication will the nurse draw up into the syringe for this dose.
Correct Answer: 2 mL
Rationale:
To calculate: 1 mg/1 mL = 2 mg/x mL. Cross-multiply: (1 * x) = (1 * 2); x = 2 mL.
Question 3 of 5
During a fishing trip, a patient pierced his finger with a large fishhook. He is now in the emergency department to have it removed. The nurse anticipates that which type of anesthesia will be used for this procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infiltration anesthesia with lidocaine is appropriate for minor surgical procedures like fishhook removal, as it involves injecting anesthetic around the wound to block local nerves. No anesthesia is impractical due to pain, and topical agents like benzocaine or EMLA are less effective for deeper wounds.
Question 4 of 5
While monitoring a patient who had surgery under general anesthesia 1 hour ago, the nurse notes a sudden elevation in body temperature. This finding may be an indication of which problem?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Malignant hyperthermia is a life-threatening condition associated with general anesthesia, characterized by a sudden rise in body temperature. Tachyphylaxis refers to reduced drug response, postoperative infection develops more slowly, and malignant hypertension primarily involves blood pressure elevation.
Question 5 of 5
When assessing patients in the preoperative area, the nurse knows that which patient is at a higher risk for an altered response to anesthesia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elderly patients, like the 82-year-old, are at higher risk for altered anesthesia responses due to age-related declines in hepatic, cardiac, respiratory, and renal function. Younger patients or those with no significant comorbidities are less likely to have altered responses.