ATI LPN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 11 : General and Local Anesthetics Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is on a ventilator for respiratory arrest. Which parenteral anesthetic is also used for sedation during mechanical ventilation in ICU settings?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Propofol is used for both general anesthesia and sedation in ICU settings for mechanically ventilated patients due to its rapid onset and short duration. Ketamine is used for anesthesia and moderate sedation, midazolam for moderate sedation, and sevoflurane is an inhaled anesthetic not typically used for ICU sedation.
Question 2 of 5
When administering a neuromuscular blocking drug, the nurse needs to remember which principle?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neuromuscular blocking drugs paralyze all skeletal muscles, including respiratory muscles, requiring mechanical ventilation. They do not provide sedation or pain relief and are used with, not instead of, general anesthesia.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is being prepared for an oral endoscopy, and the nurse anesthetist reminds him that he will be awake during the procedure but probably will not remember it. What type of anesthetic technique is used in this situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Moderate sedation reduces anxiety, pain, and recall while allowing the patient to maintain their airway and respond to commands, ideal for procedures like oral endoscopy. Local and topical anesthesia do not affect recall, and spinal anesthesia is used for lower body procedures.
Question 4 of 5
During the immediate postoperative period, the Post Anesthesia Care Unit nurse is assessing a patient who had hip surgery. The patient is experiencing tachycardia, tachypnea, and muscle rigidity, and his temperature is 103?°F. These findings indicate which condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tachycardia, tachypnea, muscle rigidity, and elevated temperature (103?°F) are classic signs of malignant hyperthermia, a rare but serious complication of general anesthesia. Tachyphylaxis involves reduced drug response, infections develop more slowly, and malignant hypertension primarily affects blood pressure.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the effects of general anesthesia with a group of new nurses. Which effects are expected with the use of general anesthetics? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: General anesthetics cause increased intracranial pressure, central nervous system depression, hypotension, decreased hepatic clearance, and respiratory depression. Glomerular filtration is typically decreased, not increased, and bronchodilation is not a consistent effect.