ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 24 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The regulation of red blood cell (RBC) production is thought to be controlled by which physiologic factor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tissue hypoxia triggers the kidneys to release erythropoietin, stimulating bone marrow to produce RBCs. Hemoglobin levels indirectly influence this through oxygen delivery, reticulocyte count monitors production, and RBC numbers don?t directly control production.
Question 2 of 5
What physiologic defect is responsible for causing anemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anemia is defined by reduced RBCs or hemoglobin, leading to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity. Increased viscosity occurs with too many cells, a depressed hematopoietic system or abnormal hemoglobin may contribute, but the core defect is reduced oxygen delivery.
Question 3 of 5
A mother states that she brought her child to the clinic because the 3-year-old girl was not keeping up with her siblings. During physical assessment, the nurse notes that the child has pale skin and conjunctiva and has muscle weakness. The hemoglobin on admission is 6.4 g/dl. After notifying the practitioner of the results, what nursing priority intervention should occur next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A hemoglobin of 6.4 g/dl (normal 11.5-15.5 g/dl) indicates severe anemia, increasing cardiac workload to compensate for reduced oxygen delivery. Minimizing energy expenditure reduces cardiac strain. Seizures aren?t a risk, repeat testing is unnecessary, and dehydration isn?t evident.
Question 4 of 5
A child with severe anemia requires a unit of red blood cells (RBCs). The nurse explains to the child that the transfusion is necessary for which reason?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: RBC transfusion increases oxygen-carrying capacity, reducing tissue hypoxia and fatigue, and preventing cardiac decompensation. It doesn?t affect visitation, isn?t for infection, and clotting is managed by platelets, not RBCs.
Question 5 of 5
An 8-year-old girl is receiving a blood transfusion when the nurse notes that she has developed precordial pain, dyspnea, distended neck veins, slight cyanosis, and a dry cough. These manifestations are most suggestive of what complication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Circulatory overload presents with precordial pain, dyspnea, distended neck veins, cyanosis, and dry cough due to fluid volume excess. Air embolism causes sudden respiratory distress, allergic reactions involve urticaria and wheezing, and hemolytic reactions include fever and shock.