Chapter 18: Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The AAIDD classifies cognitive impairment based on functional impairment in at least two adaptive skill domains, such as communication, self-care, or social skills. Age of onset before 18 is a criterion but not the basis for classification. Subaverage intelligence alone is insufficient, and etiology is not part of the classification system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early identification and treatment to prevent cerebral damage, such as newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism like hypothyroidism or phenylketonuria. Genetic counseling and rubella prevention are primary prevention, while preschool education is tertiary prevention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal is to promote optimum social, physical, cognitive, and adaptive development within the family and community. Vocational skills are a component, not the primary focus. Out-of-home care and future care adjustments are secondary to fostering overall development.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fading involves guiding the child through a task and gradually reducing assistance to promote independence. Positive reinforcement supports behavior modification, verbal explanations are less effective, and negative reinforcement is not the primary focus of fading.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Behavior modification, using clear, simple, and consistent limits with reinforcement of desired behaviors, is effective for children with cognitive impairment. Discipline is necessary and effective when tailored to mental age, and physical punishment is inappropriate.