ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 3 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A couple has given birth to their first child, a boy with a recessive disorder. The genetic counselor tells them that the risk of recurrence is one in four. Which statement is a correct interpretation of this information?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Each pregnancy has the same risks for an affected child. Because an odds ratio reflects the risk, this does not change over time. The statement by the genetic counselor refers to a probability. This does not change over time. The statement Because the parents have one affected child, the next child is four times more likely to be affected does not reflect autosomal recessive inheritance.
Question 2 of 5
Which abnormality is a common sex chromosome defect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Turner syndrome is caused by an absence of one of the X chromosomes. Down syndrome is caused by trisomy 21 (three copies rather than two copies of chromosome 21). Marfan syndrome is a connective tissue disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Hemophilia is a disorder of blood coagulation inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing a clients prenatal history. Which prescribed medication does the nurse understand is not considered a teratogen and prescribed during pregnancy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teratogens, agents that cause birth defects when present in the prenatal environment, account for the majority of adverse intrauterine effects not attributable to genetic factors. Types of teratogens include drugs (phenytoin [Dilantin], warfarin [Coumadin], isotretinoin [Accutane]). Heparin is the anticoagulant used during pregnancy and is not a teratogen. It does not cross the placenta.
Question 4 of 5
A couple asks the nurse about the optimal time for genetic counseling. They do not plan to have children for several years. When should the nurse recommend they begin genetic counseling?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Persons who seek genetic evaluation and counseling must first be aware if there is a genetic or potential problem in their families. Genetic testing should be done now if the couple is part of a population at risk. It is not feasible at this time to test for all genetic diseases. The optimal time for genetic counseling is before pregnancy occurs. During the pregnancy, genetic counseling may be indicated if a genetic disorder is suspected. Congenital heart disease is not a single-gene disorder.
Question 5 of 5
Which is characteristic of X-linked recessive inheritance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In X-linked recessive disorders, the affected individuals are usually male. With recessive traits, usually two copies of the gene are needed to produce the effect. Because the male only has one X chromosome, the effect is visible with only one copy of the gene. Females are usually only carriers of X-linked recessive disorders. The X chromosome that does not have the recessive gene will produce the normal protein, so the woman will not show evidence of the disorder. The transmission is from mother to son. Usually the mother and father are unaffected.