ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 29 : The Child with Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse stops to assist an adolescent who has experienced severe trauma when hit by a motorcycle. The emergency medical system (EMS) has been activated. The first person who provided assistance applied a tourniquet to the childs leg because of arterial bleeding. What should the nurse do related to the tourniquet?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A tourniquet, used as a last resort for arterial bleeding, must remain in place until definitive treatment to avoid releasing toxins from necrotic tissue, which could cause tourniquet shock. Loosening or removing it prematurely risks systemic complications.
Question 2 of 5
What is a physiologic effect of immobilization on children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immobilization reduces muscle contraction, causing venous stasis, which increases the risk of thrombus and embolus formation. Metabolic rate decreases, venous return diminishes, and bone demineralization leads to hypercalcemia, not increased bone calcium.
Question 3 of 5
What condition can result from the bone demineralization associated with immobility?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bone demineralization from immobility leads to osteoporosis, increasing fracture and renal calculi risk. Blood pooling, urinary retention, and infection susceptibility are other immobilization effects but not directly caused by bone demineralization.
Question 4 of 5
What measure is important in managing hypercalcemia in a child who is immobilized?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vigorous hydration (3000-4000 ml/day for adolescents) with diuretics helps manage hypercalcemia by promoting calcium excretion. Frequent position changes address skin and respiratory issues, calcium intake is restricted, and high-protein, not just high-calorie, diets aid healing.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for an immobilized preschool child. What intervention is helpful during this period of immobilization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Transporting the child by wagon outside the room provides social and environmental stimulation, aiding psychosocial health. Street clothes, not pajamas, reduce illness perception; appropriate behavioral limits are needed; and isolation from other children isn?t necessary.