ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 28 : The Child with Endocrine Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
What form of diabetes is characterized by destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in insulin deficiency?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, causing absolute insulin deficiency. Type 2 involves insulin resistance, gestational diabetes is temporary, and MODY is a genetic defect in beta cell function without destruction.
Question 2 of 5
What statement is characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes has a peak incidence between 10 and 15 years, with abrupt onset. Ketoacidosis is common due to insulin deficiency, and oral agents are used for type 2, not type 1, which requires insulin therapy.
Question 3 of 5
What clinical manifestation is considered a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent urination (polyuria), along with glycosuria and polydipsia, is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus due to glucose-driven osmotic diuresis. Nausea and seizures are not typical, and impaired vision is a long-term complication, not a cardinal sign.
Question 4 of 5
What blood glucose measurement is most likely associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DK
A) typically involves blood glucose levels ?330 mg/dl, reflecting severe insulin deficiency. Levels of 185, 220, and 280 mg/dl are hyperglycemic but below the threshold commonly associated with DKA.
Question 5 of 5
The parents of a child who has just been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes ask about exercise. What effect does exercise have on a type 1 diabetic?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exercise lowers blood glucose in type 1 diabetes, requiring additional snacks to prevent hypoglycemia. It doesn?t increase glucose, reduces insulin needs, and should be encouraged unless contraindicated by other conditions.