ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 28 : The Child with Endocrine Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex steroids are secreted by which gland?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The adrenal cortex produces glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex steroids. The thyroid produces thyroid hormone, the anterior pituitary secretes hormones like GH and ACTH, and the parathyroids produce parathyroid hormone.
Question 2 of 5
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is suspected in a newborn because of ambiguous genitalia. The parents are appropriately upset and concerned about their childs gender. In teaching the parents about CAH, what should the nurse explain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sexual assignment in CAH should align with genetic sex, determined before deciding on surgery or rearing. Female genetic sex with hormone therapy can reverse virilization, while male genetic sex may require supplementation. Prenatal masculinization doesn?t dictate development, and genital appearance alone doesn?t determine gender.
Question 3 of 5
What form of diabetes is characterized by destruction of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in insulin deficiency?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, causing absolute insulin deficiency. Type 2 involves insulin resistance, gestational diabetes is temporary, and MODY is a genetic defect in beta cell function without destruction.
Question 4 of 5
What statement is characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes has a peak incidence between 10 and 15 years, with abrupt onset. Ketoacidosis is common due to insulin deficiency, and oral agents are used for type 2, not type 1, which requires insulin therapy.
Question 5 of 5
What clinical manifestation is considered a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent urination (polyuria), along with glycosuria and polydipsia, is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus due to glucose-driven osmotic diuresis. Nausea and seizures are not typical, and impaired vision is a long-term complication, not a cardinal sign.