Chapter 27: The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Monitoring fluid intake and output prevents overhydration, which can cause cerebral edema in unconscious children. Narcotics and sedatives are used for comfort, frequent repositioning prevents complications, and antipyretics are preferred over sponge baths for fever.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A concussion is a transient, reversible neuronal dysfunction causing brief loss of awareness post-trauma. Petechial hemorrhages and tissue tearing describe contusions, and remote lesions indicate contrecoup injuries, not concussions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Subdural hematoma involves bleeding between the dura and cerebrum from ruptured cortical veins. Bleeding between dura and skull is epidural, arterial bleeding with rapid compression is typical of epidural hematomas, and parietotemporal location is more common in epidural cases.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: After ensuring airway, breathing, and circulation, stabilizing the neck and spine prevents further trauma in a suspected head or spinal injury. Positioning, blood pressure checks, or bleeding assessments follow to avoid exacerbating potential spinal injuries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Consulting a practitioner ensures safe analgesia administration to manage pain and reduce ICP from anxiety, while monitoring neurologic status. Analgesia is not contraindicated, past pain history is secondary, and pain relief is necessary despite reduced consciousness.