Chapter 27: The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: CT scans are painless, requiring immobilization, and this should be emphasized to reduce anxiety. Pain medication isn?t needed, movement is restricted during the scan, and a caregiver can often stay with the child, depending on facility protocols.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Avoiding pain or crying prevents ICP increases, as these raise intracranial pressure. Frequent suctioning, head turning, and environmental stimulation can elevate ICP and are contraindicated or require careful management, such as pre-suction hyperventilation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Monitoring fluid intake and output prevents overhydration, which can cause cerebral edema in unconscious children. Narcotics and sedatives are used for comfort, frequent repositioning prevents complications, and antipyretics are preferred over sponge baths for fever.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A concussion is a transient, reversible neuronal dysfunction causing brief loss of awareness post-trauma. Petechial hemorrhages and tissue tearing describe contusions, and remote lesions indicate contrecoup injuries, not concussions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Subdural hematoma involves bleeding between the dura and cerebrum from ruptured cortical veins. Bleeding between dura and skull is epidural, arterial bleeding with rapid compression is typical of epidural hematomas, and parietotemporal location is more common in epidural cases.