Chapter 27: The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Brainstem injury disrupts consciousness, leading to stupor or coma. Cerebral injuries cause specific deficits like memory loss, cerebellar injuries impair coordination, and occipital lobe injuries affect vision, none of which directly cause coma.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Diplopia and blurred vision are signs of increased ICP in children due to pressure on cranial nerves. High-pitched cry and bulging fontanel are typical, not low-pitched or sunken. Increased blood pressure is less common in children compared to adults.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Choreiform movements are quick, jerky, uncoordinated, and irregular, often subsiding with relaxation. Twitching is brief spasms, spasticity involves prolonged muscle contractions, and associated movements are involuntary motions accompanying voluntary ones.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Stupor describes a deep sleep state requiring vigorous, repeated stimulation to respond. Coma involves no response to painful stimuli, obtundation allows arousal with less stimulation, and persistent vegetative state indicates permanent cerebral cortex loss.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Obtundation describes a child arousable with stimulation but with reduced alertness. Stupor requires vigorous stimulation, confusion involves impaired decision-making, and disorientation pertains to time and place confusion.