ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 27 : The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 5-year-old girl sustained a concussion when she fell out of a tree. In preparation for discharge, the nurse is discussing home care with her mother. What sign or symptom is considered a manifestation of postconcussion syndrome and does not necessitate medical attention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Behavioral changes, such as irritability or sleep disturbances, are expected in postconcussion syndrome and typically don?t require medical attention. Vomiting, blurred vision, or loss of consciousness warrant evaluation for complications like increased ICP.
Question 2 of 5
An 18-month-old child is brought to the emergency department after being found unconscious in the family pool. What does the nurse identify as the primary problem in drowning incidents?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoxia is the primary problem in drowning, causing rapid global cell damage, especially to neurons, within 4-6 minutes. Aspiration leads to pulmonary complications, hypothermia occurs but is secondary, and electrolyte imbalances are not the primary cause of morbidity.
Question 3 of 5
The mother of a 1-month-old infant tells the nurse she worries that her baby will get meningitis like the childs younger brother had when he was an infant. The nurse should base a response on which information?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vaccines for pneumococcal and H. influenzae type B meningitis have reduced their incidence, but group B streptococci and E. coli are common neonatal causes. Meningitis is serious in infancy, no genetic predisposition is noted, and vaccines don?t cover all causes.
Question 4 of 5
An injury to which part of the brain will cause a coma?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Brainstem injury disrupts consciousness, leading to stupor or coma. Cerebral injuries cause specific deficits like memory loss, cerebellar injuries impair coordination, and occipital lobe injuries affect vision, none of which directly cause coma.
Question 5 of 5
What finding is a clinical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diplopia and blurred vision are signs of increased ICP in children due to pressure on cranial nerves. High-pitched cry and bulging fontanel are typical, not low-pitched or sunken. Increased blood pressure is less common in children compared to adults.